Qormo ku saabsan biyaha milixda leh ama dhannaan iyo saamaynta dalagyada. Tayada waraabak biyaha waxaa ay ku xidhan tahay heer macdanta cusboonyinka kala duwan ee la socda biyaha taas oo saamayn wayn ku leh wax soo saarka miraha. Biyaha waraabka waxaa la socda ama ku qasan cusbooyin ama macdano kala duwan taas oo ku xidhan ilaha ay biyuhu ka soo baxaan sida ceelasha, riigaga, dur-durada , daadadka Iwm. Tusaale biyaha roobka ama biyaha barafka dhalaala waa ay ka cusbo yar yihiin biyaha ceelasha hoose laga soo saaro. Cusbada faraha badan waxaa ay halis galin kartaa koritaanka geedka iyo wax soo saarka miraha dalaga la beerto . sidoo kale biyaha aadka u cusbada yar waxaa ay sababi karaan in aanay biyhu dhulka hoos u galin taas oo si dadban wax u yeesha koritaanka geedka ama dalaga la beerto.
Noocyada milixda/cusbooyinka jira .
Cusbadu waxaa ay ku Milan tahay biyaha iyadoo walxo ili ma aragtay ah (cation ions) . milixda ama cusbooyinka ugu caasan waxaa ka mid ah cubooyinka hoos ku qoran :
- Sodaim chloride (Nacl)
- Gypsum (calcium sulfate – caso4)
- Magnesuim sulfate-MGSO4
- Sodium bicarbonate – NAHCO3
Heerka cusbada waxaa samayn ku leh arimahan:-
- Cimilada dabiciga (natural weathering
- Heerka milanka dhagax cusbeedka ama macdanta ( parent rock materials
- Iyo xaddiga cusbo walxeedka la socda biyaha (water ionic)
Sidoo kale waxaa cubada sii kordhin kara xadiga waraabka biyaha , nooca carada, xaalada cimilada, habka adeega iyo nafaqada carada, iyo weliba nooca dalaga la beero . had iyo goor biyaha dhulka hoostiisa waa ay ka cusbo badan yihiin biyaha dusha sare.
Waxaa jira laba ha boo loo ogaan karo xadiga cusbo eek u jira biyaha . mida hore waa in shaybaar lagu sameeyo biyaha si loo ogaado xadiga cusbo Milan ee milligram ee la socda 1 l lite ee biyo ah (1 milligram/1litre of water). Halbeega lagu cabirana waxaa loo yaqaan TDS oo micnaheedu yahay total dissolved solid (salt concentration) taas oo soo bacda marka la uumi bixiyo biyaha , ka dibna ay soo hadho xadiga cusbo eek u jirta . habka labaadna waa habka magnetka ah – electrical conductivity unit kaas oo sheega xadiga cusbo ee halki millimhos/centimeter.
Waraabka Cusbada leh , Carada Cubada leh Iyo Milanka cusbada.
waraabka biyaha ee beeraha waxaa ay abuuri karaan cusbooyin farabadan ku was oo saamayn ku leh wax soo saarka dalaga iyo tayada carrada. Xadiga cusbo ee goobta waxaa uu ku xidhan yahay sida dhirta la beeraa ay ugu adkaysan karto heerka cusbada, nooca carada iyo macdanaha ay ka kooban tahay , nooca cimilada iyo hab maamulka waraabka biyaha. Tusaale haddii ninka beeralayda ah isticmaalo 10,000 tons oo biyo waraab ah halkii hectar (ha) waxaa ay beerta keeni karaan cusbo dhan 2 ilaa 5 tons halkii sanaba. Tani waxaa ay ku tusaysaa xadiga cusbo ee sanad kasta ku biiraya oogada sare ee carada dhul bereedka. Sanadba sanadka ka danbeeya , waxaa hoos u sii dhaca wax soo saarka miraha korodhka cusbada /ama milixda awgeed taas oo keeni karta khasaare dhaqaale hadii aan laga badhxin milixda.
Ama Milixda loo yarayn karo
- In la Beerto dalaga cusbo qaadka leh ama cusbada u adkaysan kara
- Carradu yeelato biyo saar fiican (soil drainage)
- In La isticmaalo organic matter sida digada xoolaha
- In Biyaha Roobka lagu fadhiisiyo beerta si looga maydho carrada cusbada ama milixda ku korodhay xilligii waraabka (diluting it with fresh rain water).
- In korodha milixda ee carada la shaybadho sanad kasta sii loo yareeyo korodhka samayska cusbada.
Dalagyada Cusbada Ama Biyaha Milixda Leh Ku Baxi kara:
Waxa jira dalagyo badan oo dhulka cusbada leh ku baxa waxaa ka mida kuwan
- Shamaamka -sweet melon
- Timirta date palm
- Qunbaha-coconut
- Sisal-maydho /xiga
- Lemon-citrus lemon
